New Fuel Coolers - QSM11

Four Suns

Not a pot stirrer
TECHNICAL Contributor
Oct 4, 2006
10,533
Williamsburg, VA
Boat Info
2003 480 DB
Engines
QSM-11 Diesels
Over the past few weeks I've been doing my "spring maintenance". Yeah.. I'm late due to a little foot problem that set me back. I also have the pleasure of putting my 17-year old son to work in the engine room as he is home from school:

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One of the items I decided to do this year was put some new fuel coolers on the engines. The guy that runs sbmar.com (and does a lot with boatdiesel.com but I'm not sure if he owns it or not) had some new QSM11 fuel coolers that were pulled off a couple of new engine installs and replaced with something else. So they were technically "used" but never used. New ones are about $1000 and he sold these to me for about $350 a piece. The port side fuel cooler on my boat did not have new zincs put in it for the first year of it's life (that's another story) so I've always worried about that one. Having sea water get into the fuel system just seems like an expensive thing to deal with and this seemed like cheap insurance.

The other thing with regards to the location of these coolers is they are before the raw water pump and first in line after the strainer on the raw water circuit. When the engines are flushed, these things are not flushed if you follow the directions in the QSM11 manual. Being in line right after the strainer, one has to wonder what accumulates in there. Here's a shot of a new one installed on the starboard engine. It is in the lower right corner of the picture below the oil fill:

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Yeah.. I know.. I have a pesky oil leak under that raw water pump I've been chasing... It is either coming from the gasket on the water pump or from a bolt in the oil pan.

You can see from the picture that these things are not easy to get to. They are tucked under the starter on one end and tied into the water pump and the stringer is tight against it on one side and the oil pan on the other. Doing this on the port engine is a royal pain in the ass and requires removal of part of the exhaust. Here's a shot of the bruising on my arm working these things:

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My son actually did most of the work on the port engine and did a great job. Here's one of them removed:

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And... here's the stuff... This is looking in the end that receives water from the strainer:

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Holy crap!! I'm surprised the engine was getting ANY water flow. The engine temp was running at its usual 163 when I last used the boat in Jan. but that thing sure looks blocked. This is looking into the end where the water leaves:

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The scale build up is pretty bad and it was time for these babies to come off and be cleaned at least. These are five years old...

Note that I put a zinc on the end that water leaves the fuel cooler. I thought that since there were plugs on each end that a zinc would go in each end. I don't think that is the case though. I believe, in looking at the parts manual, you are only supposed to put a zinc in the end where water enters. If the zinc breaks off the water exit point, it will go right into the impeller on the water pump and destroy it. If it is only on the entry point of the cooler and breaks off, it can't get to the impeller. That's probably why I go through more impellers than I should... I think that opening on the exit end is to tap into for dripless seals or something else... My dripless water source ties into the gear cooler which is the same thing which is why I think this.

I'm going to clean the starboard one up that is pictured here and pressure test it and keep it as a spare. The port side one, I don't have a picture, actually was developing a diesel fuel leak at the base of the fuel fitting where it was welded.

I think I timed this before it became a bigger problem...

Just an FYI post.
 
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That looks like fun. Heck of a lot of scale for 5 years. Now I have to wonder about the one's merc put on my little gas engines.

Thanks. I was looking for another thing to do on the boat.

Best regards,
Frank
 
Yeah... I would have done this last year if I had known they were this bad. That's why I posted this.
 
So Matt.... Isn't your 480 DB the same year as mine? Surely you have not waited as long as me have you?

Hello? HELLO?
 
Gary,
I'm just curious what the other fellows replaced theirs with that allowed you to get these almost "unused?"

I have 5 - year QSM-11s...

Dave
 
My buddy failed to replace the zincs on his fuel coolers in his '05 420. One failed. The total bill was about $4000. I think you did the right thing.
 
Gary,
I'm just curious what the other fellows replaced theirs with that allowed you to get these almost "unused?"

I have 5 - year QSM-11s...

Dave

SB Marine does a lot of QSM-11 installs for repowers and such. I asked that question and they said they used different style coolers on a few installs and took these off (new). I can see that happening, for example, the starboard transmission cooler has a double cooler whereas the port one does not (starboard cools the hydraulic steering).
 
I believe the time the fuel is on the block heats it up and the return would keep filling the fuel tanks with heated fuel - the cooler lowers the temp before sending it back to the tank. So said Cummins Power Service.
 
Fuel coolers are not a Cummins thing. It all depends on the type of engine and fuel circulating process. I know some of the Cat-based backup power generators have fuel coolers on them (been looking for the house).

New engines that pressurize the fuel before going into the injectors and then de-pressurize it to circulate what's not used back to the tank will heat fuel up. The act of pressurizing something adds heat to the system... So any of the newer engines that are electronic and have this pressurized fuel will have coolers (like common rail technology). If you don't cool the fuel, all the fuel in the tank will heat up and expand and the injectors will not be able to pump enough fuel into the injectors and performance will be impacted. There is a lot of discussion of this over on boatdiesel.com and one of the areas to look at if you can't reach WOT is if your fuel coolers are "cooling".

Older mechanical diesels didn't have a need for fuel coolers as the fuel does not go through this same pressure/heat cycle before going back to the tank...

The downside to all this new found efficiency is maintenance. Of course no one ever counts maintenance costs into their comparison of running old mechanical diesels with new electronic/common rail diesels. All manufacturers are going to electronic/high pressure fuel to meet EPA regulations (and squeeze out lots-o-horsepower/torque) so I don't think you can even buy a mechanical diesel anymore. Lack of maintenance on this stuff will cause catastrophic failure.
 
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That explains it. I was thinking that higher fuel pressures in the new diesels might have something to do with it.
Question, though...
Wouldn't it make sense to have the fuel cooler installed in-line between the tank and the water separators, so that if a failure occurred it could be contained? Or does the fuel need to be cooled at a certain "point" in it's circulation through the engine?

Sounds just like having to guess when you need to replace the risers on a gas engine. If you guess wrong and wait too long- boom.
 

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