It's very simple....50% of the voters in the state are registered Democrats while only 22% are registered Republicans. The remaining 28% are either unaffiliated or affiliated with a minor party. It used to be the Democratic strongholds were concentrated in the urban areas of NYC, Albany, Syracuse and Buffalo (public assistance havens). It's not that way any longer, in fact only five western counties in the state still have a Republican plurality and they are eclipsed in population by most every other region of the state. New York is a huge state (it can take 12 hours with no traffic to get from Montauk to Buffalo, of course it can take 4-5 hours to get from the Hamptons to NYC on a summer evening) traversing the most diverse socioeconomic population in the world, extreme urban to extreme rural, unbelievable wealth to deep poverty and not all where you think it would be, in either case. I think the Democrat's consolidation of power derives not only from the urban vs. suburban vs. rural divide but from three basic issues; immigration (legal and illegal), a welfare state (see also immigration) and fiscally irresponsible support of public unions. The Democrats could put a monkey on the ballot and they'd get elected, so it's not so much about Cuomo as it is about the party line. Oh, and I'd guess, on CSR there is a concentration of rightward leaning members from NY so you get a fairly distorted view from us NY'ers. That's my $.02....ok maybe you got $.04 there.
There's a fair amount of stuff that Cuomo does that I don't agree with. But I also think he's not as bad as he's often made out to be here. I do respect that has beliefs and objectives, and sticks to them with more or less rational explanations. He's no friend to a lot of the unions. He also keeps that no talent a$$ cloud Mayor Deblasio in check.
Also, remember that actress Cynthia Nixon was actually a viable contender against Cuomo in the gubernatorial race not long ago.
It's also fair to point out that New York has a history of significant corruption at the state leadership level. Both parties have members that have been convicted of various crimes. And for some absurd reason, the state legislature is only a part-time job: it meets only for about 6 months a year.